Full Text search in MongoDB

Full text search is similar to content search from entire database or from storage where data is located. It is something similar to how we search any content in any search application by entering certain string keywords or phrases and getting back the relevant results sorted by their ranking. This is common requirement in any large data-set application for quick and efficient searching method. 

This post I am sharing about text search from MongoDB database. Text search option is available in almost every database either RDBMS family or NoSQL family.  Mongodb have something different that is ranking (weight of attributes). Starting from version 2.4, MongoDB began with an experimental feature supporting Full-Text Search using Text Indexes. This feature has now become an integral part of the product. The Text Search uses streaming techniques to look for specified words in the string fields by dropping stop words like a, an, the, etc. 

What are the features of  "Mongodb Full Text Search" ?

• Full-text search as an index type when creating new indexes, just like any other.
• Support for advanced queries, similar to the Google search syntax e.g. negation and phrase matching.
• Indexing of multiple fields, with weighting to give different fields higher priority.
• Supports 15 different languages.

What are the steps to configure full text search in mongodb ?

1.Enabling Text Search
2.Creating Text Index
3.Using Text Index

Configure or enable full text at database level ?
We need to enable manually in MongoDB 2.4. but later version it is by default enable when we install.
in MongoDB configuration file specify with:

setParameter=textSearchEnabled=true
or 
>db.adminCommand({setParameter:true,textSearchEnabled:true})

For this we need to create index for all possible attributes like below

db.collection_name.createIndex(
    {
        company_name: 'text',
        job_description: 'text',
        job_title: 'text',
    },
    {
        weights: {
            company_name: 10,
            job_description: 5,
            job_title: 1
        }
    }
)

Here weight is to specify the ranking of text in result set.


Now use this syntax to search from collection

db. collection_name.find( { $text: { $search: "engineer" } } )

for OR condition
db. collection_name.find( { $text: { $search: "engineer", $search: "mobile" } } )

for AND condition
db. collection_name.find({$text :{$search: "engineer android mobile -developer"}

Now enjoy the quick search and efficient from big data in your application.

Thanks for reading

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